This subpart
prescribes rules for obtaining approval of routes by air carriers and air
taxis.
121.93 Route
requirements: General
(a) Each air carrier seeking a route approval must show:
(1) That it is
able to conduct satisfactorily scheduled operations between each airport over
that route or route segment; and
(2) That the
facilities and services, required by this Part, are available and adequate for
the proposed operation. The ECAA may
approve a route outside of controlled airspace if it determines that traffic
density is such that an adequate level of safety can be assured.
(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does not require actual flight over a route or route segment if the air carrier shows that the flight is not essential to safety, considering the availability and adequacy of airports, lighting, maintenance, communication, navigation, fueling, ground, and aircraft radio facilities, and the ability of the personnel to be used in the proposed operation.
Approved routes and route segments over Egyptian airways or foreign airways (and advisory routes in the case of air carriers) have a width equal to the designated width of those airways or routes. Whenever the ECAA finds it necessary to determine the width of other approved routes, the following will be considered:
(a) Terrain
clearance;
(b) Minimum
en route altitudes;
(c) Ground
and airborne navigation aids;
(d) Air
traffic density;
(e) ATS
procedures; and
(f) Any route widths of other approved routes determined by the ECAA will be specified in the air carrier's operations specifications.
121.97 Airports:
Required data
(a) Each air carrier and air taxi must show that each route it submits for approval has enough airports that are properly equipped and adequate for the proposed operation, considering such items as size, surface, obstructions, facilities, public protection, lighting, navigational and communication aids, and ATS.
(b) Each air carrier and air taxi must show that it has an approved system for obtaining, maintaining, and distributing to appropriate personnel current aeronautical data for each airport it uses to ensure a safe operation at that airport. The aeronautical data must include the following;
(1) Airports:
(i) Facilities;
(ii) Public
protection;
(iii) Navigational
and communications aids;
(iv) Construction affecting takeoff, landing or
ground operations; and
(v) Air
traffic facilities.
(2) Runways,
clearways and stopways:
(i) Dimensions;
(ii) Surface;
(iii) Marking
and lighting systems;
(iv) Elevation;
and
(v) Gradient.
(3) Displaced
thresholds:
(i) Location;
(ii) Dimensions;
and
(iii) Takeoff
or landing or both.
(4) Obstacles:
(i) Those
affecting takeoff and landing performance computations in accordance with subpart
I of this Part; and
(ii) Controlling
obstacles.
(5) Instrument
flight procedures:
(i) Departure
procedure;
(ii) Approach
procedure; and
(iii) Missed
approach procedure.
(6) Special
information:
(i) Runway
visual range measurement equipment; and
(ii) Prevailing
winds under low-visibility conditions.
(c) If the ECAA finds that changes are necessary for the continued adequacy of the certificate holder’s system for collection, dissemination, and usage of aeronautical data that has been granted approval, the certificate holder shall, after notification by the ECAA, make those changes in the system. Within 30 days after the certificate holder receives such notice, the certificate holder may file a petition to reconsider the notice with the ECAA. This filing of a petition to reconsider stays the notice pending a decision by the ECAA. However, if the ECAA finds that there is an urgency that requires immediate action in the interest of safety in air transportation, the ECAA may, upon statement of the reasons, require a change effective without stay.
121.99
Communication facilities
Each air carrier and air taxi must show that
a two-way air/ground radio communication system is available at points that
will ensure reliable and rapid communications, under normal operating
conditions over the entire route (either direct or via approved points) between
each aircraft and the appropriate dispatch office, and between each aircraft
and the appropriate air traffic service unit.
121.101 Weather
reporting facilities
(a) Each air
carrier and air taxi must show that enough weather reporting services are
available along each route to ensure weather reports and forecasts necessary
for the operation.
(b) Each air
carrier and air taxi shall adopt and put into use an approved system for
obtaining forecasts and reports of adverse weather phenomena, such as clear air
turbulence, thunderstorms, and low altitude wind shear, that may affect safety
of flight on each route to be flown and at each airport to be used.
121.103 En route
navigational facilities
(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this
section, each air carrier and air taxi must show, for each proposed route, that
non-visual ground aids are:
(1) Available over
the route for navigating aircraft within the degree of accuracy required for
ATS; and
(2) Located to
allow navigation to any airport, within the degree of accuracy necessary for
the operation involved. Except for those aids required for routes to alternate
airports, non-visual ground aids required for approval of routes outside of
controlled airspace are listed in the air carriers operations specifications.
(b) Non-visual ground aids are not required for:
(1) Day VFR operations that the air carrier shows
can be conducted safely by pilotage because of the characteristics of the
terrain;
(2) Night VFR operations on routes that the air
carrier shows have reliably lighted landmarks adequate for safe operation; and
(3) Operations on
route segments where the use of celestial or other specialized means of
navigation or any time it is deemed necessary for the safe conduct of the
flight, a Flight Navigator licensed under the provision of Part 63 or
equivalent must be approved for use by the ECAA.
121.105 Servicing and maintenance facilities
Each air carrier and air taxi must show that
competent personnel and adequate facilities and equipment (including spare
parts, supplies, and materials) are available at such points along the air
carrier route as are necessary for the proper servicing, maintenance, and
preventive maintenance of aircraft and auxiliary equipment.
(a) Each
air carrier must show that it has enough dispatch center staff, adequate for
the operations to be conducted, that are located at points necessary to ensure
proper operations control of each flight.
(b) Dispatch
centers shall be supported by an adequate number of dispatchers, holding a
current dispatcher license without type rating and approved by the AOC holder
on the applicable aircraft (after successfully achieving the appropriate
approved training and skill demonstration tests).
121.111Through
121.123 Reserved
121.125 Flight following system
(a) Each
certificate holder must show that it has:
(1) An approved
flight following or flight locating system established in accordance with
subpart U of this Part and adequate for the proper monitoring of each flight,
considering the operations to be conducted; and
(2) Flight
following centers located at those points necessary:
(i)
To ensure the proper monitoring of the
progress of each flight with respect to its departure at the point of origin
and arrival at its destination, including intermediate stops and diversions
therefrom, and maintenance or mechanical delays encountered at those points or
stops; and
(ii) To
ensure that the pilot in command is provided with all information necessary for
the safety of the flight.
(b) A certificate holder may arrange to have flight
following facilities provided by persons other that its employees, but the
certificate holder continues to be responsible for operational control of each
flight. Such a third party arrangement
must be approved in the certificate holder’s operations specification.
(c) A flight
following system need not provide for in-flight monitoring by a flight
following center.
(d) The
certificate holder’s operations specifications specify the flight following
system it is authorized to use and the location of the centers.
121.127 Flight following system: Requirements
(a) Each air carrier or air taxi operator
using an operations control or flight following system must show that:
(1) The system has adequate facilities and
personnel to provide the information necessary for the initiation and safe
conduct of each flight to:
(i) The cockpit crew of each aircraft; and
(ii) The persons
designated by the air carrier or air taxi operator to perform the function of
operational control of the aircraft.
(2) The system has a means of communication
by private or available public facilities (such as telephone, telegraph, or
radio) to monitor the progress of each flight with respect to its departure at
the point of origin and arrival at its destination, including intermediate
stops and diversions therefrom, and maintenance or mechanical delays
encountered at those points or stops.
(b) The
certificate holder must show that the personnel specified in paragraph(a) of
this section, and those it designates to perform the function of
operational control of the aircraft are holding a current
dispatcher license without type rating and approved by the AOC holder on the
applicable aircraft (after successfully achieving the appropriate approved
training and skill demonstration tests).
121.129 Reserved